What characteristic conjunctival manifestation is associated with active trachoma?

Active trachoma is characterized by follicular conjunctivitis. In this condition, the conjunctiva, which is the membrane covering the eye, shows the presence of numerous small, elevated, and round follicles. These follicles are essentially clusters of lymphoid tissue and are indicative of the immune response to Chlamydia trachomatis infection, the causative agent of trachoma.

The presence of these follicles is an important clinical sign in diagnosing active trachoma and helps to differentiate it from other conjunctival conditions. Inactive forms of trachoma may display scarring and other changes, but the follicular pattern is most notable during the active infection phase. This understanding of follicular conjunctivitis serves as a critical aspect of identifying and managing trachoma in affected populations.