What clinical finding suggests a diaphragmatic hernia in a newborn?

A scaphoid abdomen combined with a barrel-shaped chest is a classic clinical finding that suggests a diaphragmatic hernia in a newborn.

In the case of a diaphragmatic hernia, specifically a congenital one, there is an abnormal opening in the diaphragm, allowing abdominal contents to move into the thoracic cavity. This results in inadequate space for lung development on the affected side, which can lead to a scaphoid (or sunken) appearance of the abdomen. As the abdominal organs encroach upon the thoracic cavity, the chest may appear barrel-shaped due to the displacement of lung tissue and the pressure from the organs.

This distinct physical presentation helps clinicians identify the condition early, which is critical, as diaphragmatic hernias can compromise respiratory function and require surgical intervention.