What condition is indicated by prenatal ultrasound showing polyhydramnios and symptoms of excessive drooling and regurgitation in a newborn?

The condition indicated by prenatal ultrasound showing polyhydramnios along with symptoms of excessive drooling and regurgitation in a newborn is esophageal atresia with tracheoesophageal fistula.

Polyhydramnios, which is an excess of amniotic fluid, can occur when the fetus is unable to properly swallow amniotic fluid. In the case of esophageal atresia, the esophagus does not form properly and ends in a blind pouch instead of connecting to the stomach. This results in the inability to swallow, leading to the accumulation of fluid and excessive drooling. Newborns with this condition often present with coughing, choking, and regurgitation shortly after birth.

The combination of these symptoms is characteristic of this condition and highlights the need for prompt diagnosis and intervention, as it can lead to severe complications if not treated. In contrast, conditions like pyloric stenosis, gastroesophageal reflux disease, and congenital diaphragmatic hernia present with different clinical signs and may not be associated with polyhydramnios or excessive drooling in the same way.