What is a key histological finding on electron microscopy in Alport's syndrome?

In Alport's syndrome, a key histological finding on electron microscopy is the splitting of the glomerular basement membrane. This condition is primarily characterized by mutations in collagen type IV, which is crucial for the structural integrity of the basement membranes in kidneys, ears, and eyes.

On electron microscopy, the abnormalities associated with Alport's syndrome can be clearly observed, particularly the characteristic splitting or lamination of the glomerular basement membrane. This splitting occurs as a result of defective collagen synthesis, leading to structural weaknesses and ultimately affecting the normal filtering function of the kidneys.

This finding is significant as it helps in diagnosing Alport's syndrome and differentiating it from other glomerular diseases. While other options present features that may be seen in different renal pathologies, the splitting of the basement membrane is uniquely associated with Alport's syndrome and reflects the underlying genetic defect affecting collagen production.