What is Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome primarily characterized by?

Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome is primarily characterized by overgrowth and a predisposition to tumors. This genetic disorder leads to features such as macrosomia (increased birth weight), organomegaly (enlarged organs), and distinct facial features. The syndrome also has an association with various tumors, including Wilms tumor and hepatoblastoma, due to the abnormal regulation of growth factors.

The condition stems from alterations in genes located on chromosome 11p15, affecting the imprinting process responsible for regulating growth. Children with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome are often monitored closely for tumor development due to this predisposition.

While some other options might relate to characteristics seen in other syndromes—such as growth retardation, cognitive impairment, or infectious disease predisposition—these do not accurately reflect the primary features of Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome. The hallmark of this condition is indeed its association with abnormal growth and tumor risk.