What is the potential complication of severe edema resulting from congenital lymphedema?

Congenital lymphedema is a condition characterized by the abnormal development of lymphatic vessels, leading to severe edema, particularly in the extremities. One of the potential complications associated with this condition is the formation of cystic hygromas. Cystic hygromas are lymphatic malformations that can occur in infants and are characterized by the presence of fluid-filled cavities in the neck or other areas.

Severe edema from congenital lymphedema can lead to increased pressure in the lymphatic system, which may result in the development of these abnormal lymphatic structures. The fluid accumulation and lymphatic obstruction can encourage the expansion of lymphatic tissue, leading to cystic hygromas.

In contrast, while infections of the lymphatic system can occur due to compromised lymphatic drainage, they are not the primary complication one would expect solely from congenital lymphedema. Acute respiratory distress is unrelated to lymphedema unless there are other underlying conditions involved. Swelling of the brain, or cerebral edema, is also not a direct complication of lymphedema. Therefore, the formation of cystic hygromas is a direct and relevant complication arising from the alterations in lymphatic structure and function associated with severe