What is the primary function of the gluteus medius and minimus muscles innervated by the superior gluteal nerve?

The primary function of the gluteus medius and minimus muscles is to abduct the thigh. These muscles are located on the lateral aspect of the hip and play a crucial role in stabilizing the pelvis, especially during activities like walking or running. When one leg is lifted off the ground, the gluteus medius and minimus on the standing leg contract to keep the pelvis level, which is essential for maintaining balance and preventing excessive tilting.

Additionally, while these muscles are primarily responsible for abduction, they also contribute to medial rotation of the thigh, particularly when the hip is flexed. However, their main action remains abduction. This understanding highlights the importance of the gluteus medius and minimus muscles in functional movements and hip stability.