Which complication are children with Henoch-Schönlein purpura at increased risk for?

Children with Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) are at an increased risk for ileo-ileal intussusception. HSP is a small-vessel vasculitis that often presents with a characteristic rash, abdominal pain, arthralgia, and, importantly, gastrointestinal manifestations. The condition can lead to swelling and inflammation in the intestines, which may result in the telescoping of one segment of the intestine into another—a condition known as intussusception. This complication occurs due to the presence of edema in the bowel wall and can lead to obstruction and potential ischemia.

Other complications associated with HSP, such as renal involvement including nephritis, can occur, but the specific risk for ileo-ileal intussusception is particularly notable. The incidence of intussusception in HSP can be attributed to the underlying vasculitis and its effects on intestinal motility and structure. Awareness of this complication is essential for timely diagnosis and management in affected children.