Which ethnic group is known to have decreased UGT activity, resulting in a higher prevalence of jaundice in newborns?

The correct answer is associated with the observation that certain populations, particularly those of Asian descent, can exhibit decreased activity of UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT), an enzyme crucial for the conjugation and elimination of bilirubin. This decreased enzymatic activity can lead to an accumulation of bilirubin in the blood, resulting in jaundice, especially in newborns.

In general, variations in UGT activity are observed across different ethnic groups due to genetic factors. In Asian populations, the prevalence of conditions such as neonatal jaundice has been reported to be higher, particularly in the context of breast feeding, where the physiological jaundice of the newborn may be exacerbated.

It is important to note that while other ethnic groups may also experience jaundice, the association with decreased UGT activity is notably recognized in Asian populations, making them more susceptible to jaundice in the neonatal period.