Which of the following indicates a subluxation or dislocation of the radial head in a young child?

In young children, a subluxation or dislocation of the radial head, commonly referred to as "nursemaid's elbow," is often indicated by a refusal to use the affected arm. This behavior typically arises because manipulation or movement of the arm causes pain, leading the child to instinctively avoid using it.

When a radial head subluxation occurs, it can happen quite suddenly, often when the child's arm gets pulled or yanked. As a result, the child may hold the arm in a fixed position or refuse to move it altogether due to discomfort. This indicative behavior helps caregivers and healthcare providers identify the issue, leading to the appropriate management or reduction of the dislocation.

Other signs like visible swelling, immediate bruising, or pain on palpation can occur with various arm injuries but are not specific indicators of a radial head subluxation. Visible swelling typically suggests more significant trauma, such as fractures or soft tissue injuries. Immediate bruising could imply a more serious injury or a significant impact rather than a simple subluxation. Pain on palpation in the forearm may indicate issues with the smaller bones or soft tissues but is not a hallmark of radial head dislocation alone. Therefore, the refusal to use the affected arm stands out