Which syndrome is associated with gout in a young boy?

Lesch-Nyhan syndrome is an X-linked genetic disorder caused by a deficiency in the enzyme hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HGPRT). This disorder leads to an accumulation of uric acid in the body, resulting in hyperuricemia, which ultimately manifests as gout. Gout in young boys can be particularly indicative of this syndrome, as it presents in childhood and is often associated with other symptoms such as self-mutilating behaviors, motor dysfunction, and cognitive impairment.

In contrast, Marfan syndrome primarily affects connective tissue and is associated with cardiovascular, skeletal, and ocular abnormalities, but it does not cause gout. Turner syndrome is a chromosomal disorder affecting females and does not have a direct association with gout. Klinefelter syndrome, which occurs in males with an extra X chromosome, is also not related to the metabolic derangements that lead to gout. Thus, among the options provided, Lesch-Nyhan syndrome is the only one directly associated with gout in a young boy due to its specific metabolic dysfunction and resulting hyperuricemia.